Dzulo, European Union adalengeza kuti mawu a Carbon Mormentalment njira zosinthira (CBAM, Carobon) bilu idzasindikizidwa mulemba la EU. CBAM idzakakamiza tsiku litafalitsira buku la Europe of European Union, ndiye kuti, Meyi 17! Izi zikutanthauza kuti lero, a Carbobor Turoff adapita kudzera munjira zonse ndipo mwalamulo adayamba kugwira ntchito!
Kodi msonkho wa kaboni ndi chiyani? Ndiloleni ndikupatseni mawu oyamba pang'ono!
CBAM ndi imodzi mwa magawo apamtunda ya "yoyenerera ya 55" yotsika. Dongosolo likufuna kuchepetsa 'mpweyabobon zotulukapo ndi 55% kuyambira 55% kuyambira 1990. Kuti mukwaniritse cholinga cha EU, ndikukhazikitsa njira zogulitsira mafuta, ndikukhazikitsa magwiridwe antchito a kaboni, ndikukhazikitsa ndalama zonse 12 zatsopano.
Ngati zimangofotokozedwa mwachidule mu chilankhulo chotchuka, zikutanthauza kuti EU ikulipira zopangidwa ndi kaboni kwambiri kuchokera kumayiko achitatu malinga ndi mpweya wazogulitsa kunja.
Cholinga champhamvu kwambiri cha EU kuti chikhazikitse mitengo yamphongo ndi kuthetsa vuto la "kutayikira kaboni". Ili ndi vuto lomwe likukumana ndi zoyesayesa za EU. Zikutanthauza kuti chifukwa cha malamulo okhala zachilengedwe, makampani a EU asintha madera omwe ali ndi mtengo wotsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asachepetse mpweya wa mpweya padziko lonse lapansi. Misonkho ya EU kaboni imafuna kuteteza opanga mkati mwa EU yomwe ikugonjera ndalama zochepetsetsa zokhala ndi ma eu kuchokera kumayiko ofooka, kuti mupewe "kutaya kaboni".
Nthawi yomweyo, kuti agwirizane ndi makina a CBAM, kusintha kwa mpweya wa Carbon Union of European Union (EU-ETs) adzayambitsidwanso nthawi yomweyo. Malinga ndi dongosolo la Reseftor Recorm, mabungwe aulere a EU adzachotsedwa kwathunthu mu 2032, ndipo kuchotsedwa kwaulere kumawonjezera ndalama zomwe zingatulutsidwe.
Malinga ndi zomwe zilipo, CBAM idzagwiranso ntchito simenti, chitsulo, aluminiyamu, feteleza, magetsi, ndi hydrogen. Kupanga kwazinthu zotere ndi kaboni komanso kuopsa kwa kutaya kaboni ndikokwezeka, ndipo pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezeka kwa mafakitale ena pambuyo pake. CBAM iyamba kuyesa kuyesa pa Okutobala 1, 2023, ndi nthawi yosintha mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka 1, 2026. Ogy adzafunika kulengeza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zidatumizidwa chaka chilichonse, kenako adzagula nambala yofananira ya CBAM. Mtengo wa zikalatazo udzawerengedwa malinga ndi mtengo wapakati wa sabata la Ets Ets zololeza, zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu EUR / T Co2. Pa 2026-2034, gawo lotulutsidwa mwaulere lomwe lili pansi pa EU lidzachitika mofananamo ndi cbam.
Pamwamba, mitu ya mpweya imachepetsa mpikisano wa mabizinesi akunja ndipo ndi mtundu watsopano wamalonda, zomwe zingakhudze kwambiri mdziko langa.
Choyamba, dziko langa ndi mnzake wamkulu kwambiri wotsatsa matenda komanso gwero lalikulu la zinthu zogulitsa za kaboni kuchokera ku EU. 80% ya zinthu zapakatikati zakumaso zomwe zatumizidwa ku EU zimachokera ku zitsulo zochokera ku zitsulo, mankhwala, komanso michere yoopsa kwambiri ya msika wa EU. Kuphatikizidwanso mu kayendetsedwe kabwino kaboni, kumakhudza kwambiri; Ntchito yofufuzira yambiri yachitika potengera mphamvu zake. Pankhani ya deta yosiyanasiyana (monga kukula kwa zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa kwa kaboni, komanso mpweya wa kaboni wokhudzana), matembenuzidwe akewo adzakhala osiyana kwambiri. Amakhulupirira kuti maimelo omwe atumizidwa ku China adzakhudzidwa, ndipo kunja kwa ma CBAM kuti agwetse Europe ndi 11-13%; Mtengo wotumiza kunja ku Europe uwonjezeka ndi madola pafupifupi 100- 300 miliyoni pachaka, amawerengera zogulitsa za cbam kupita ku Europe 1.6-4.8%.
Koma nthawi yomweyo, tiyeneranso kuwona njira zabwino za "Carbon Diseff's" ndi ntchito yogulitsa dziko langa komanso ntchito yomanga msika wa kaboni. Kutenga makampani achitsulo ndi zitsulo monga chitsanzo, pali kusiyana kwa tani imodzi pakati pa kiyi ya mpweya pa kiyi ndi eu. Kuti mupange izi kuti musinthe, chitsulo changa ndi mabizinesi achitsulo muyenera kugula zikalata za CBAm. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera, makina a CBAM adzakhudzika pafupifupi 16 biliyoni pa voliyumu yanga yamitengo ya dziko lanu, kuwonjezekatu kwambiri pafupifupi 2.6 biliyoni, pofika 650 yuan pa teni yachitsulo, ndi misonkho yamisonkho pa 11%. Izi mosakayikira zimawonjezera zitsulo zakunja ndi zitsulo zamitundu yanga ndikulimbikitsa kusintha kwawo kuti zisapangidwe-kaboni kukula.
Kumbali inayo, ntchito yomanga mabizinesi yanga ya kaboni idakali mwana, ndipo tikuonabe njira zowonetsera mtengo wa mpweya kudzera pamsika wa kaboni. Mulingo wamtengo wamakono sungathe kuwonetsa bwino mabizinesi apakhomo, ndipo pali zina zomwe sizili zotsika mtengo. Chifukwa chake, pokonzekera mfundo za "Carboriff", dziko langa liyenera kulimbikitsa kulumikizana ndi EU, ndikuganizira momwe zinthu zilili ndi mitengoyo. Izi zikuwonetsetsa kuti mafakitale anga atha kulimbana ndi zovuta ngakhale kuti "mitengo ya kaboni", ndipo nthawi yomweyo imalimbikitsa kukula kwa kaboni ya kaboni ya dziko langa.
Chifukwa chake, dziko lathu, ichi ndi mwayi komanso chovuta. Mabizinesi apakhomo ayenera kuyang'anizana ndi zoopsa, ndipo mafakitale achikhalidwe amayenera kudalira "kusintha kwa kaboni" kuti athetse mavuto. Nthawi yomweyo, malo anga aukadaulo aukadaulo woyera amatha kubweretsa "mwayi wobiriwira". CBAM ikuyembekezeka yolimbikitsa makompyuta atsopano monga Photovoltastics ku China, omwe amatha kukwezedwa kwa magetsi ku Europe, yomwe imatha kuyendetsa kuchuluka kwa makampani achikunja kuti iyike matekinoloje ku Europeni.
Post Nthawi: Meyi-19-2023