Kutengera kupambana kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mapulojekiti oyandama a PV pomanga nyanja ndi madamu padziko lonse lapansi zaka zingapo zapitazi, mapulojekiti akunyanja ndi mwayi wotukuka kwa omanga akakhala limodzi ndi mafamu amphepo. zitha kuwoneka.
George Heynes akukambirana za momwe makampaniwa akusunthira kuchoka kumapulojekiti oyendetsa ndege kupita ku ntchito zazikulu zomwe zimagwira ntchito pamalonda, kufotokozera mwayi ndi zovuta zomwe zikubwera. Padziko lonse lapansi, makampani opanga dzuwa akupitilizabe kutchuka ngati gwero lamphamvu losinthika lomwe limatha kutumizidwa kumadera osiyanasiyana.
Imodzi mwa njira zatsopano kwambiri, ndipo mwinamwake zofunika kwambiri, zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu za dzuwa tsopano zafika patsogolo pa mafakitale. Mapulojekiti oyandama a photovoltaic m'madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi pafupi ndi nyanja, omwe amadziwikanso kuti floating photovoltaics, akhoza kukhala teknoloji yosintha, kupanga bwino mphamvu zobiriwira m'madera omwe panopa ndi ovuta kupanga chifukwa cha malo.
Ma modules oyandama a photovoltaic amagwira ntchito mofanana ndi machitidwe oyambira pamtunda. Ma inverter ndi masanjidwe amakhazikika pa nsanja yoyandama, ndipo bokosi lophatikiza limasonkhanitsa mphamvu za DC pambuyo pa kupanga magetsi, zomwe zimasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya AC ndi inverter ya solar.
Photovoltaics yoyandama imatha kutumizidwa m'nyanja, m'nyanja, ndi mitsinje, komwe kupanga grid kungakhale kovuta. Madera monga Caribbean, Indonesia, ndi Maldives akhoza kupindula kwambiri ndi lusoli. Mapulojekiti oyendetsa ndege atumizidwa ku Europe, komwe ukadaulo ukupitilirabe kukula ngati chida chongowonjezeranso ku zida za decarbonization.
Momwe ma photovoltaics akuyandama Akutengera dziko ndi Mkuntho
Chimodzi mwazabwino zambiri za ma photovoltaics oyandama panyanja ndikuti ukadaulo ukhoza kukhalapo limodzi ndi matekinoloje omwe alipo kuti awonjezere kupanga mphamvu kuchokera kuzinthu zamagetsi zongowonjezwdwa.
Malo opangira magetsi a Hydropower akhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi ma photovoltais oyandama akunyanja kuti achulukitse ntchitoyo. Bungwe la World Bank's "Kumene Dzuwa Limakumana ndi Madzi: Lipoti la Msika Woyandama wa Photovoltaic" linanena kuti mphamvu ya dzuwa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuonjezera mphamvu ya polojekitiyi ndipo ingathandizenso kuyendetsa mphamvu zochepa zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu za hydropower kuti zizigwira ntchito mu "peak-shaving" mode osati "base load". nthawi yamadzi.
Lipotili limafotokozanso zotsatira zina zabwino zogwiritsira ntchito photovoltaics zoyandama za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kuphatikizapo kuthekera kwa kuziziritsa kwa madzi kuonjezera kupanga mphamvu, kuchepetsa kapena kuchotsa shading ya ma modules ndi chilengedwe chozungulira, palibe chifukwa chokonzekera malo akuluakulu ndi kumasuka kwa kukhazikitsa ndi kutumizidwa.
Mphamvu ya Hydropower si njira yokhayo yaukadaulo yomwe ingangowonjezeke yomwe ingathe kuthandizidwa ndi kubwera kwa ma photovoltais oyandama panyanja. Mphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi ma photovoltaics oyandama akunyanja kuti apititse patsogolo mapindu azinthu zazikuluzikuluzi.
Kuthekera kumeneku kwadzetsa chidwi chachikulu m'mafamu ambiri amphepo ku North Sea, zomwe zimapereka zofunikira pakupanga makina oyandama amagetsi a photovoltaic panyanja.
Mtsogoleri wamkulu wa Oceans of Energy ndi woyambitsa Allard van Hoeken adati, "Timakhulupirira kuti ngati mutagwirizanitsa ma photovoltais oyandama m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja, mapulojekiti amatha kupangidwa mofulumira kwambiri chifukwa zomangamanga zilipo kale. Izi zikuthandizira chitukuko chaukadaulo."
Hoeken adanenanso kuti ngati mphamvu ya dzuwa ikuphatikizidwa ndi minda yamphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja yomwe ilipo, mphamvu zambiri zitha kupangidwa ku North Sea kokha.
"Ngati mutaphatikiza PV ya kunyanja ndi mphepo yam'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndiye kuti 5 peresenti yokha ya North Sea ingapereke mosavuta 50 peresenti ya mphamvu zomwe dziko la Netherlands limafunikira chaka chilichonse."
Kuthekera kumeneku kukuwonetsa kufunikira kwa ukadaulo uwu kwa mafakitale adzuwa lonse komanso mayiko omwe akusintha machitidwe amagetsi otsika a carbon.
Ubwino umodzi waukulu wogwiritsa ntchito ma photovoltaics oyandama panyanja ndi malo omwe alipo. Nyanja zimakhala ndi malo ambiri momwe lusoli lingagwiritsidwe ntchito, pamene pamtunda pali ntchito zambiri zomwe zimafuna malo. PV yoyandama imathanso kuthetsa nkhawa zomanga minda yoyendera dzuwa pamalo aulimi. Ku UK, nkhawa zikukula m'derali.
Chris Willow, wamkulu wa chitukuko cha mphepo yoyandama ku RWE Offshore Wind, akuvomereza, ponena kuti lusoli lili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu.
"Offshore photovoltaics atha kukhala chitukuko chosangalatsa chaukadaulo wam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndikutsegula zitseko zatsopano zopangira magetsi adzuwa a GW. Popewa kusowa kwa nthaka, lusoli limatsegula misika yatsopano."
Monga Willock adanena, popereka njira yopangira mphamvu kumtunda, PV ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja imathetsa mavuto okhudzana ndi kusowa kwa nthaka. Monga ananenera Ingrid Lome, womanga wamkulu wankhondo wapamadzi ku Moss Maritime, kampani yaukadaulo yaku Norway yomwe ikugwira ntchito zotukuka m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ukadaulo ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mizinda yaying'ono ngati Singapore.
"Kwa dziko lililonse lomwe lili ndi malo ochepa opangira mphamvu zapadziko lapansi, kuthekera kwa ma photovoltaics oyandama panyanja ndi kwakukulu. Singapore ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri. Phindu lofunika kwambiri ndi luso lopanga magetsi pafupi ndi malo opangira madzi, mafuta, ndi gasi, kapena malo ena omwe amafunikira mphamvu ."
Izi ndizofunikira. Ukadaulo ukhoza kupanga ma microgrids a madera kapena malo omwe sanaphatikizidwe mu gridi yayikulu, kuwonetsa kuthekera kwaukadaulo m'maiko omwe ali ndi zilumba zazikulu zomwe zingavutike kuti apange gridi ya dziko.
Makamaka, kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia kungapindule kwambiri ndi ukadaulo uwu, makamaka Indonesia. Kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia kuli zilumba zambiri ndi malo omwe sali abwino kwambiri pakukula kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa. Chimene chigawochi chili nacho n’chakuti pali madzi ndi nyanja zambirimbiri.
Ukadaulo ukhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pa decarbonization kupitilira gridi ya dziko. Francisco Vozza, wamkulu wazamalonda wa opanga PV oyandama a Solar-Duck, adawunikira mwayi wamsikawu.
"Tayamba kuona ntchito zamalonda ndi malonda asanayambe ku Ulaya ku Greece, Italy, ndi Netherlands ku Ulaya. Koma palinso mwayi m'madera ena monga Japan, Bermuda, South Korea, ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Kumeneko kuli misika yambiri ndipo tikuwona kuti mapulogalamu omwe alipo tsopano akugulitsidwa kale."
Ukadaulowu ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa mphamvu yopangira mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso ku North Sea ndi nyanja zina, kufulumizitsa kusintha kwa mphamvu kuposa kale. Komabe, zovuta zingapo ndi zopinga ziyenera kugonjetsedwa ngati cholingachi chikwaniritsidwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-03-2023