I-PV ehlanganisiwe yokwakha ichazwe njengendawo lapho imikhiqizo ye-PV engahambisani khona izama ukufinyelela khona emakethe. Kepha lokho kungenzeka kungabi buhle, kusho uBjörn Rau, umphathi wezobuchwepheshe kanye nePhini Lomqondisi wePVComb at
IHelmholtz-Zentrum eBerlin, okholelwa ukuthi isixhumanisi esilahlekile ekuthulweni kwe-bipv silele ekuxhumaneni komphakathi wokwakha, imboni yezokwakha, nabakhiqizi be-PV.
Kusuka kumagazini we-PV
Ukukhula okusheshayo kwe-PV kule minyaka eyishumi edlule kufinyelele emakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-100 GWP efakiwe ngonyaka, okusho ukuthi cishe amamojula angama-350 kuya kwangama-400 akhiqizwa unyaka ngamunye. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanganisa nabo ezakhiweni kuseyimakethe ye-niche. Ngokombiko wakamuva ovela ku-EU Holon Project Pvsites amaphesenti angama-20, cishe amaphesenti ama-2 afakiwe kwizikhumba zokwakha ngonyaka we-2016. Yonke i-CO2 ekhiqizwayo emhlabeni wonke idliwe emadolobheni, futhi cishe amaphesenti angama-40 afinyelela kuwo wonke ama-greenhouse igesi ukuphuma ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
Ukubhekana nalolu nselelo yegesi ebamba ukushisa kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamandla anikwe esizeni, iPhalamende laseYurophu noMkhandlu owethulwe ngo-2010/31 / EU ekusebenzeni kwamandla okwenziwa yizakhiwo, okukhulelwa njengezakhiwo zamandla ezi-zero (NZEB) ". Umyalo usebenza kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezintsha ezakhelwe ngemuva kuka-2021. Ngezakhiwo ezintsha ezenzelwe izikhungo zomphakathi ezindlini, umyalo wangena wasebenza ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka.
Azikho izinyathelo ezithile ezichazwe ukufezekisa isimo se-nzeb. Abanini bokwakha bangabheka izici zokusebenza kahle kwamandla okufana nokufakwa, ukululama ukushisa, kanye nemiqondo yokonga amandla. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukulinganisela kwamandla okuphelele kwesakhiwo kuyinjongo yokulawula, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi okusebenzayo ngaphakathi noma kulo lonke isakhiwo kubalulekile ukuze uhlangane namazinga eNZAB.
Okungaba khona nezinselele
Akungatshazwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-PV kuzodlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zesikhathi esizayo noma ukubuyisa kabusha kwengqalasizinda ekhona yokwakha. I-NZAB ENTERDAY izoba amandla okushayela ekufezeni le nhloso, kepha hhayi yodwa. I-Photovoltaics ehlanganisiwe (i-Bipv) ingasetshenziswa ukwenza kusebenze izindawo ezikhona noma izindawo zokukhiqiza ugesi. Ngakho-ke, asikho isikhala esingeziwe esidingekayo ukuletha i-PV ethe xaxa ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Amandla kagesi ahlanzekile akhiqizwe yi-PV ehlanganisiwe ayikhulu. Njengoba i-BeCQuerel Institute itholakala ngo-2016, isabelo esingaba khona sokukhiqizwa kwe-bipv esibonelweni esiphelele sikagesi singaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-30 eJalimane nangamaphesenti amaningi aseningizimu (isib. I-Italy) ngisho nakuwo wonke amaphesenti angama-40.
Kepha kungani izixazululo ze-bipv zisadlala indima eseceleni ebhizinisini lelanga? Kungani kufanele babe bhekiswe kumaphrojekthi wokwakha kuze kube manje?
Ukuze uphendule le mibuzo, i-Berlin (HZB yocwaningo laseJalimane lweHelmholtz-Zentrum Center lwenze ukuhlaziywa kwesidingo ngonyaka owedlule ngokuhlela umhlangano wokusebenzela kanye nokuxhumana nababambiqhaza kuzo zonke izindawo ze-Bipv. Imiphumela ikhombisile ukuthi akukho ukuntuleka kobuchwepheshe nge-SE.
Emhlanganweni we-HZB, abantu abaningi abavela embonini yezokwakha, abakhipha amaphrojekthi amasha okwakhiwa noma abakwakhelelayo, bavuma ukuthi kunezikhala zolwazi maqondana namandla we-bipv kanye nobuchwepheshe obusekelwayo. Abakwa-Archites iningi, abahleli kanye nabanikazi bokwakha bamane nje abanalo ulwazi olwanele lokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-PV kumaphrojekthi abo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunokubhuka okuningi nge-bipv, efana nomklamo ovuthayo, izindleko eziphakeme, kanye nobunzima obunqabile. Ukunqoba le mibono eyiphutha ebonakalayo, izidingo zabakhi bezakhiwo kanye nabanikazi bokwakha kumele babe phambili, kanye nokuqonda ukuthi laba babambe babheka kanjani i-bipv kumele kube okubaluleke kakhulu.
Ushintsho lwe-mindset
I-Bipv yehluka ngezindlela eziningi kusuka ezinhlelweni zeSolar zobuso zaseSolar, ezingadingi ukuguquguquka noma ukucatshangelwa kwezici zobuhle. Uma imikhiqizo yenzelwe ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto zokwakha, abakhiqizi badinga ukucabanga kabusha. Abakhi bezakhiwo, abakhi, kanye nokwakha abahlali ekuqaleni balindele ukusebenza okuvamile esikhunjeni sokwakha. Ngokombono wabo, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kuyindawo eyengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, abathuthukisi bezinto ezisebenza nge-bipv eziningi bekufanele bacabangele lezi zinto ezilandelayo.
- Ukuthuthukisa izixazululo ezenziwe ngezindleko ezenziwe ngezindleko zezakhi zokwakha ezisebenzayo ngosayizi ozoguquguqukayo, ukwakheka, umbala, kanye nokusobala.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwamazinga namanani akhangayo (kahle amathuluzi okuhlela asunguliwe, njengokwakhiwa kolwazi lolwazi (i-BIM).
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ze-Photovoltaic ezintweni ze-favel façade ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinto zokwakha kanye nezinto ezikhiqiza amandla.
- Ukuqina okuphezulu ngokumelene nezithunzi zesikhashana (zasendaweni).
- Ukuqina kwesikhathi eside nokuwohloka kokuqina kwesikhathi eside kanye nokukhipha amandla, kanye nokuqina kwesikhathi eside nokuwohloka kokubukeka (isib. Ukuqina kombala).
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwemiqondo yokuqapha kanye nesondlo ukuzivumelanisa nezimo eziqondene nesayithi (ukucatshangelwa ukuphakama kokufakwa, ukushintshwa kwamamojula angenaphutha noma izinto ze-façade).
- Futhi ukuthobela izidingo ezingokomthetho njengokuphepha (kufaka phakathi ukuvikela umlilo), amakhodi wokwakha, amakhodi wamandla, njll.
Isikhathi Sokuposa: Dec-09-2022