Analysis of Photovoltaic Power Generation Technology

What is photovoltaic power generation?

Photovoltaic power generation mainly utilizes the photovoltaic effect to generate electricity by absorbing sunlight. Photovoltaic panels absorb solar energy and convert it into direct current, which is then transformed into usable alternating current through an inverter for use in households or facilities.

At present, household rooftop photovoltaic power generation is quite common in China. Installing a photovoltaic power station on the roof can generate electricity for one's own use, and the surplus power can be connected to the national power grid to obtain corresponding income. In addition, there are photovoltaic power stations applied to industrial and commercial rooftops and large ground-mounted power stations. These are all forms of application of photovoltaic power generation in real life.

What types of photovoltaic power generation are there?

Solar photovoltaic systems are mainly divided into three categories: off-grid systems, grid-connected systems and distributed systems.

1. Off-grid photovoltaic power generation system

• Core components: solar cell modules, controllers, and batteries.

• If power supply is required for AC loads, an inverter also needs to be equipped.

• Features: Independent operation, not connected to the public power grid.

2. Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system

• Working principle: The direct current generated by the solar cell module is converted into alternating current that meets the requirements of the power grid through a grid-connected inverter and directly connected to the public power grid.

• The main feature of large-scale centralized grid-connected power stations (usually national power stations) is that the generated electricity is directly transmitted to the power grid and uniformly dispatched and distributed to users by the power grid.

3. Distributed photovoltaic power generation system

• Definition: To configure a smaller-scale photovoltaic power generation system at the user's site or nearby locations.

• Objective: To meet the power demands of specific users, support the economic operation of the existing distribution network, or simultaneously satisfy both of the above requirements.

• Features: Decentralized layout and nearby consumption.